Tyson the alpaca a potential 'knockout blow' against coronavirus

Llamas and other members of camel family - as well as sharks - are known to produce nanobodies, which are far smaller than the full-size antibodies produced by humans.

By REUTERS
Tyson the Alpaca is pictured on the farm in an undisclosed location in Germany, where he was immunised with coronavirus proteins leading to an antibody discovery that may aid human treatments for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), May 19 2020. Picture taken May 19, 2020. (photo credit: KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE/PRECLINICS GMBH/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)
Tyson the Alpaca is pictured on the farm in an undisclosed location in Germany, where he was immunised with coronavirus proteins leading to an antibody discovery that may aid human treatments for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), May 19 2020. Picture taken May 19, 2020.
(photo credit: KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE/PRECLINICS GMBH/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)
Scientists in Sweden are hoping an alpaca named Tyson can help deliver a knockout blow in the fight to develop a treatment or vaccine against the novel coronavirus that has killed nearly 400,000 people worldwide.
After immunizing Tyson, a 12-year-old alpaca in Germany, with virus proteins, the team at the Karolinska Institute have isolated tiny antibodies – known as nanobodies – from his blood that bind to the same part of the virus as human antibodies and could block the infection.

They hope this can form the basis of a treatment for COVID-19 or eventually a vaccine against it, though the work is at an early stage.

“We know that it is the antibodies that are directed to the same very, very precise part of the virus that are important and that is what we have engineered with this antibody from Tyson,” Gerald McInerney, head of the team at Karolinska said.

“In principle, all the evidence would suggest it will work very well in humans, but it is a very complex system.”

Llamas and other members of camel family – as well as sharks – are known to produce nanobodies, which are far smaller than the full-size antibodies produced by humans, and therefore potentially easier for scientists to work with.

A vaccine may still be some way off.

“We will now move forward to going into in-vivo studies, maybe with mice or hamsters or other animals that can be used as a model for COVID-19 disease, but the next step after that we really can’t say,” McInerney said.

As for Tyson, he has done his job.

“Tyson is 12 years old, I believe, and he may be looking at retirement soon,” McInerney said. “So he’ll live out his life on his farm back in Germany.”