The 3-0 decision by the 9th US Circuit Court of Appeals in Pasadena, California, came in one of the oldest Nazi art theft cases.
Anna, a Moldovan olah with an affinity for art, has presented her paintings in solo and group exhibitions in Israel and around the world.
Castel was described after his death in 1991 by art historian Gideon Ofrat as a member of the “heroic period of Israeli modernism.”
They wrote: "Thank you to the soldiers who protect us."
The red paint was used by chance, but it has taken on a grim significance.
"Because of the war, there will be no festive reception."
The Eastern Theatre Command inserted shots of aircraft carrier formations and J-20 fighter jets, reminding viewers of its battlefield capabilities.
"The Common Thread" was painted on the exterior of an event venue in Pico-Robertson, a heavily Jewish neighborhood known for its abundance of synagogues and kosher restaurants.
His work expresses a fundamental connection between the act of painting and the world of cinema, the photographed image and cinematic editing.