This is just one of the many petitions that have been filed by several parties arguing that the entire alternate prime minister position and the balance of powers established by Likud and Blue and White are unconstitutional.
Already in May, the High Court cleared Netanyahu to form the government and cleared the main principles of the coalition deal as constitutional. However, the High Court put off ruling on Netanyahu's fate once the rotation changed his role to becoming alternate prime minister.
The petitioners, including the Movement for the Quality of Government in Israel, Meretz, and the Guardians of Israeli Democracy, all say that Netanyahu must resign once he does not have the unique protections of the prime minister's office.
They have said that creating a sort of immunity for the alternate prime minister, which allows staying in office under indictment until conviction and all appeals are exhausted, is unconstitutional and contradicts 25 years of High Court rulings.
Attorney-General Avichai Mandelblit, who indicted Netanyahu, recently told the High Court that he views the alternate prime minister role as constitutional.
He said that the Knesset used its sovereign authority to pass Basic Laws to change aspects of the government's powers, including creating the alternate prime minister position and that the legislature has the authority to create a new position beyond prior High Court precedent that was based on prior laws.
Put differently, he noted Netanyahu cannot fire Gantz. He also noted prior High Court precedent that only the prime minister can continue to serve post-indictment was based on the idea that the prime minister would fire indicted ministers.
Since Netanyahu cannot fire Gantz, this meant prior High Court precedent forcing resignations upon indictment could not apply to the alternate prime minister position.
The hearing is being aired live. It is unclear when the High Court will issue a decision.