Jerusalem students uncover nearly 2,000-year-old relics from Bar Kokhba revolt

Over the last several months, the students have assisted archeologists excavate the remains of a Jewish settlement dating to the Second Temple period.

By DANIEL K. EISENBUD
Updated: MARCH 28, 2017 05:13
Boyer High School students participating in the archaeological excavations (photo credit: IAA)
Boyer High School students participating in the archaeological excavations
(photo credit: IAA)
A group of Jerusalem highschool students are searching the past to help finance their future.
In an effort to raise funds for a Holocaust-studies youth delegation trip to Poland, 240 11th-graders from Boyer High School left the confines of their classrooms to unearth relics from the revolt led by Simon Bar-Kochba between 132 CE and 136 CE.
Known as the Third Jewish Revolt, it was the final of three Jewish uprisings against Roman religious and political persecution. It is estimated that many thousands of Jews died during the revolt, resulting in a massive depopulation of the communities inhabiting the Judean Hills.
The excavations are being carried out with funding from the Construction and Housing Ministry in cooperation with the Israel Antiquities Authority, prior to construction of a new residential neighborhood in Ramat Beit Shemesh.
Over the last several months, the students have assisted archeologists excavate the remains of a Jewish settlement dating to the Second Temple period, including eight ritual baths, rock-hewn installations and numerous underground hiding refuges.
According to Sarah Hirshberg, Shua Kisilevitz and Sarah Levevi-Eilat, excavation directors on behalf of the authority, the ancient settlement incorporated private ritual baths into residential quarters.
The ritual baths unearthed. (ASSAF PEREZ, COURTESY OF IAA)
The ritual baths unearthed. (ASSAF PEREZ, COURTESY OF IAA)
“Each household had its own ritual bath and a cistern,” she said. “Some of the baths uncovered are simple, and others are more complex and include an otzar, or collection basin, into which the rainwater would drain.”
Hirshberg continued: “It is interesting to note that the local inhabitants adhered strictly to the rules regarding purity and impurity.”
Underneath the dwellings and rock-hewn installations, the students and archeologists discovered a “winding labyrinth” of hiding refuges connected to sophisticated and elaborate complexes.

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“In some of the underground complexes, the rebels breached a cistern to provide those in hiding with access to water,” explained Kisilevitz.
“One of the caves also yielded intact ceramic jars and cooking pots that were probably used by the rebels. The finds show that the settlement continued to exist even after the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE.”
Construction and Housing Minister Yoav Galant noted the importance of the students learning first-hand about their history.
“The past and present are coming together in a city that has known division and now lives in harmony,” said Galant. “There is nothing more positive than the fact that students learning about the attempts to annihilate their people are involved in strengthening our ties with Israel and remembering the generations of the past.”
IAA director Israel Hasson said the authority is also working with the Education Ministry to help defray travel costs for the student delegation, which is utilized to raise awareness of Jewish history and “strengthen values of commitment and mutual responsibility.”
“As part of the Israel Antiquities Authority’s activities aimed at making young people more aware of their roots, in cooperation with the Education Ministry, we invite schools to participate in the excavations and in this way significantly reduce the travel costs,” said Hasson.
“As well as learning about their heritage, the students are already learning valuable lessons about giving and mutual responsibility in Israel.”
Indeed, Dudi Shokef, director of the Poland delegation’s program for the Education Ministry, noted that the excavations can help forge an emotional connection with the past, while engendering a sense of belonging, as well as awareness of the importance of preserving antiquities.
The ritual baths unearthed. (ASSAF PEREZ, COURTESY OF IAA)
The ritual baths unearthed. (ASSAF PEREZ, COURTESY OF IAA)
“The aim of this initiative is to impart the heritage of the past to Israeli students by integrating them into a valuable educational project, such as excavating an archeological site,” he said.
The principal of Boyer High School, Dafna Menashe Baruch, also said the project helps the students meaningfully connect with Israel prior to their sojourn to Poland, where they will visit death camps.
“By stepping outside the classroom and working in the field on an archeological dig, students are exposed to many different worlds of knowledge,” she said. “In addition to working with their hands, they get to know about a fascinating field of research.”
“This is a great privilege and an unforgettable experience, and we are full of appreciation and thanks to the staff of the Israel Antiquities Authority and to its director for initiating this valuable educational program that connects the past with the present,” Baruch said.
Shelly Kozlovich, a student at the school, described the experience as “closing a circle.”
“It’s fantastic that we, Israeli students in the 21st century, are getting the opportunity to find out about the country and are unearthing a Jewish settlement from 2,000 years ago with our own hands,” she said. “With the money we’re making we’ll pay for our trip to Poland and learn there about the Holocaust – an event that had a huge influence on Israel’s establishment. It’s a great way of closing a circle.”